胸膜疾病比较复杂,胸腔的心、肺、食道,纵隔,腹腔的肝、脾、肾脏、卵巢,全身的结缔组织,淋巴和造血系统的疾患,均可累及胸膜。绝大多数表现为胸腔积液,所以遇到胸腔积液首先要考虑上述全身器官正常与否,根据临床、X线、实验室检查进行综合判断才能明确病因,必要时还要进行胸膜活检或胸腔镜检查。胸液的诊断一般要靠综合性措施,但个别情况下, Pleural disease is more complex, chest pleural, heart, lung, esophagus, mediastinum, abdominal liver, spleen, kidney, ovary, systemic connective tissue, lymphatic and hematopoietic disorders. The vast majority of manifestations of pleural effusion, the first encounter pleural effusion to consider the normal body organs or not, according to clinical, X-ray, laboratory tests to determine the cause of a comprehensive assessment, if necessary, but also pleural biopsy or chest Mirror examination. The diagnosis of pleural fluid generally depends on comprehensive measures, but in some cases,