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苎麻是我国的特产和重要的纺织纤维作物,占世界总产量的80%左右。目前,国内当家品种多属杂种一代。用种子繁殖必然会发生性状分离、变异,严重影响纤维品质和产量。在生产上可长期利用无性繁殖来保持品种纯度和良种特性,但繁殖系数太低,远不能满足目前全国纷纷建立苎麻纺织原料基地、实行品种区域化的需要。所以,我们从1979年起开展了用组织培养法快速繁殖苎麻良种的研究,不仅从苎麻茎、叶诱导出愈伤组织和分化成苗,并且从茎叶和腋芽直接成苗,快速增殖。同时,我们继1979年获得腋芽苗后,又研究了通过腋芽快速增殖法建立苎麻无性系和繁殖利用的程序,以及植物激素对试管苗生根的影响和试管苗移栽技术。
Ramie is a specialty of our country and an important textile fiber crop, accounting for about 80% of the world’s total output. At present, most domestic hybrids belong to the hybrid generation. Breeding with seeds will inevitably occur trait separation, variation, seriously affecting fiber quality and yield. In the production of long-term use of asexual reproduction to maintain species purity and variety characteristics, but the breeding coefficient is too low, far can not meet the current establishment of ramie textile raw materials base, the implementation of the regionalization of varieties. Therefore, since 1979, we conducted a research on rapid propagation of ramie varieties by tissue culture method. Not only callus and differentiation into seedlings were induced from ramie stems and leaves, but also directly from shoots and axillary buds for rapid proliferation. In the meantime, after obtaining axillary buds in 1979, we also studied the procedure of establishing ramie clones through the rapid propagation of axillary buds and their multiplication and utilization, as well as the effects of plant hormones on the rooting of test-tube seedlings and the transplanting of test-tube seedlings.