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卢卡奇在《历史与阶级意识》中深刻地揭示了资本主义条件下由于技术理性异化而导致的人的主体性的贬抑或丧失,主要表现在以下几方面:主体客体化,主体原子化,主体活动的合理可计算性,官僚制的形成,大众文化批判,学术研究片面化等。卢卡奇认为可以通过纯粹的、自在的自然采恢复人们丧失了的总体性,从而使技术理性异化得以克服、扬弃。其实这仅是人类美好的一相情愿而已,因为异化是人的生存方式,人类的历史也就是一部异化史。
Lukacs profoundly revealed in the “History and Class Consciousness” the derogatory or loss of human subjectivity caused by the alienation of technical rationality under the capitalist conditions, mainly in the following aspects: the objectification of the subject, the atomization of the subject, The reasonable calculation of the main activity, the formation of bureaucracy, criticism of popular culture, and the one-sided academic research. Lukacs thinks that it is possible to restore the totality lost by pure and comfortable natural mining so that the alienation of technological rationality can be overcome and discarded. In fact, this is only the goodwill of humankind. It is because alienation is the way of human existence and human history is also a history of alienation.