西方民主社会的日益多元化导致了内部排斥,它打破了民主制是最能平等尊重并维护每个公民的基本权利的政治制度的理论承诺。内部排斥的产生原因主要包括经济发展所带来的不平等以及长期形成的习惯性偏见与多元文化的差异这两个方面。在解决这一问题时,沃尔泽强调公民参与和各种地方性社群自治的重要性,而政府在提供社会福利和保护多样性的少数文化群体等问题上则负有不可推卸的责任。 The growing pluralism in Western democracies led to internal exclusion, which broke the democratic system as the theoretical promise of the political system that best respected and upheld the fundamental rights of every citizen. The causes of internal exclusion mainly include the inequalities caused by economic development and the long-term habitual prejudice and multicultural differences in these two aspects. In addressing this issue, Walzer emphasizes the importance of civic engagement and various local community autonomy, and the government shoulders an unshirkable responsibility on such issues as the provision of social welfare and minority cultural groups that protect diversity.