《观沧海》是曹操所作乐府《步出夏门行》的首章。此诗各章独立,所以被视为组诗,它有一个特殊的写作背景。汉末天下瓦解,军阀割据。当曹操的势力开始崛起时,首先与北方中国最强大的割据军阀袁绍发生冲突。建安五年(公元200年),曹操于官渡决战中获胜,至建安十年,终于摧毁了袁氏在河北的统治根基。但袁绍子袁尚、袁熙逃至辽东半岛,与乌桓(东胡族的一支)首领蹋顿结为一体。此时曹操向往着再度统一中国的宏业,却处于南北夹逼的困境:在东北方向,袁氏兄弟与乌桓军屡屡侵扰边境,成为 “View of the sea” is the first chapter made by Cao Cao Yuefu “step out of the summer door.” Each chapter of this poem is independent, so it is regarded as a group poem. It has a special writing background. The end of the world collapse, warlords. When Cao Cao’s forces began to rise, they first clashed with Yuan Shao, the most powerful separatist warlord in the north China. Jian’an five years (AD 200), Cao Cao won the battle of Guandu to Jian’an ten years, and finally destroyed the foundation of Yuan’s rule in Hebei. However, Yuan Shazi Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi fled to the Liaodong Peninsula and became one with Wuhuan, a leader of the East Hu ethnic group. At this point, Cao Cao aspired to once again unify China’s macro industry, but it was in a dilemma between the north and the south. In the northeast, the Yuan Brothers and the Wuhuan Army repeatedly harassed the border and became