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考虑需求的不确定性,未售出产品的残值和缺货损失,由一个零售商、一个分销商、一个制造商组成的三级供应链可以通过批发价格契约和回购契约组成的联合契约实现完美协调。首先建立了一个三级供应链均衡协调模型,通过集中控制的三级供应链与分散控制的三级供应链最优订货量的比较分析发现:联合契约通过均衡协调不仅仅能够达到完美协调的效果,而且能够降低制造商的批发价格,分销商的批发价格和批发商给予零售商未售出单位产品的补贴有着正相关关系,同时受到市场需求和在无契约协调时的三个供应链主体的收入结构的影响。
Considering the uncertainty of demand, the salvage value of unsold products and the loss of out-of-stock, a three-tier supply chain composed of one retailer, one distributor, and one manufacturer can make a joint contract through a wholesale price contract and a repo contract Achieve perfect coordination. Firstly, a three-level supply chain equilibrium coordination model was established. By comparing the optimal order quantity of the three-level supply chain and the decentralized control, it is found that the joint contract can not only achieve the perfect coordination effect through balanced coordination , And can reduce the wholesale price of the manufacturer, the wholesale price of the distributor and the wholesaler’s subsidy to the unsold units of the retailer have a positive correlation, and both the market demand and the three supply chain entities The impact of income structure.