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1921年7月23日,中国共产党第一次全国代表大会在上海秘密举行。参加会议的代表除13名中国人外,还有两名外国人:一名是共产国际代表马林,另一名是赤色职工国际代表尼科尔斯基。马林是荷兰人,原名亨德立克斯·斯内夫利特,1883年生于鹿特丹。1902年参加荷兰社会民主党。来华以前,他曾在荷属殖民地爪哇长期从事革命活动,帮助当地工人创建印尼社会民主联盟(印尼共产党的前身)。后来被爪哇当局驱逐,便以马林的名字赴莫斯科参加共产国际第二次代表大会,并当选为共产国际执行委员。1921年初,共产国际根据列宁的推荐,正式委派他为特使,到中国帮助建
On July 23, 1921, the first CPC National Congress was held in secret in Shanghai. In addition to the 13 Chinese, there are two other foreigners: one from the Communist International, Marin, and the other from Nicholski, the international representative of the Red Workers. Marin, a Dutchman, formerly known as Hendrik Snevlitt, was born in Rotterdam in 1883. In 1902 to participate in Dutch Social Democrats. Before coming to China, he had been involved in revolutionary activities in Java, a Dutch colony for a long time, helping local workers to create the Indonesian Social Democratic Alliance (the predecessor of the Indonesian Communist Party). Later, he was expelled by the Java authorities and went to Moscow to attend the Second Congress of Comintern under the name of Marin and was elected as Comintern. In early 1921, on the recommendation of Lenin, the Comintern formally appointed him as a special envoy to help build China