车尔尼雪夫斯基曾一再强调过这样的意思:艺术之所以有别于历史,是在于历史讲的是人类的生活,而艺术讲的是人的生活(见《车尔尼雪夫斯基论文学》)。在小说和戏剧这两种文学艺术体裁里,作家正是通过对“人”——即形象——的塑造,去向读者讲述人生故事,抒写世间的悲欢,表现出一定的人生境界。正因为形象对文学作品来说具有灵魂般的意义,所以古往今来有无数的小说家和戏剧家都为写好、写活人物形象而进行了孜孜矻矻的探索和追求。这其中,有一批翘楚找到了那把进入形象塑造之堂奥的钥匙,那就是如钱谷融先生所说的,“绝不把描写的重点放在人物的外部特征上,而是主要通过对人物内在的 Chernyshevski once emphasized this meaning: The reason why art is different from history is that history speaks of human life, and art speaks of human life (see Chernyshevski literature”). In both literary and artistic genres, fiction and drama, the writer is through the modeling of “people” -- that is, the image -- to tell readers stories of life, to write about the joys and sorrows of the world, and to show a certain level of life. Just because the image has a soul-like meaning for literary works, countless novelists and dramatists have been exploring and pursuing ambiguous works for writing and writing characters. Among them, a group of leaders found the key to the Dojo that was created by the image, that is, as Mr. Qian Gurong said, “The emphasis is not on the external features of the characters, but on the characters. inner