建筑的功能问题历来是建筑界讨论的中心问题之一。一些建筑理论家认为,建筑物除了可见的物质用途,还有两重不可见的精神功能。其一是环境功能,即建筑物构成美的环境,陶冶了情操,有益于心身。其二是交流功能,即建筑物本身也是建筑师、业主和公众交流思想的媒介。对这种“建筑三功能说”的评价不一,但是建筑物(人工环境)能对使用者的感受发生影响,同时把建筑师的设计意图“传达”(或多或少地)给观众,则是公认的事实。虽然有着本质的差异,但从这一意义上来说,建筑物类似于其他精神产品,例如文学、绘画或音乐。作者的某种观念、见解,通过一种媒介物传达给其他人,由此产生社会影响,这就是人际的思想交流,或 The functional problem of architecture has always been one of the central issues discussed in the construction industry. Some architectural theorists believe that apart from the visible material use of buildings, there are two invisible mental functions. The first is the environmental function, that is, the building constitutes a beautiful environment, which cultivates sentiment and benefits the mind. The second is the exchange function, that is, the building itself is also the medium for architects, owners and the public to exchange ideas. The evaluation of the “three functions of the building” is different, but the building (artificial environment) can influence the user’s feelings and at the same time “transmit” (more or less) the architect’s design intent to the audience. It is a recognized fact. Although there are essential differences, in this sense, buildings resemble other spiritual products such as literature, painting, or music. The author’s ideas and opinions are communicated to other people through a medium, which has a social impact. This is the interpersonal exchange of ideas, or