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[目的]探讨高州普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)在海南陵水的开花习性和育性。[方法]对广东高州普通野生稻在海南陵水的开花习性、花粉育性和结实率进行了研究,并与海南普通野生稻开花特性进行了比较。[结果]广东高州普通野生稻在陵水1年开花2次,第一开花期在4月中旬至6月中旬,历时约60d,开花高峰期为5月13～22日,日开花历时主要集中在11:20～13:00,日开花高峰在11:30左右;第二开花期在8月下旬至10月下旬,历时45d,开花高峰期在9月8～18日,日开花历时在11:15～12:50,日开花高峰在11:30左右。2次开花期间的颖花开放特性基本相同,柱头外露表现为单露率46.23%,双露率49.14%,柱头总外露率达95.37%。单个颖花从开颖到闭颖一般需1.5～2.5h,开颖角度为29.9°～32.4°。上、下半年2个季次的花粉育性分别为89.67%和85.62%,平均结实率分别为58.81%和55.79%。海南普通野生稻一般1年仅开花1次,开花期在10月中旬至12月中旬,这与高州野生稻在陵水1年开花2次的表现有明显差异。[结论]为研究转基因水稻向普通野生稻基因漂流频率及与普通野生稻的开花习性相互关系奠定了基础。
[Objective] The research aimed to investigate the flowering habits and fertility of Oryza rufipogon Griff. [Method] The flowering habits, pollen fertility and seed setting rate of Gaozhou common wild rice in Lingshui of Hainan Island were studied and compared with the flowering characteristics of common wild rice in Hainan Province. [Result] Gaozhou common wild rice blooms twice a year in Lingshui, the first flowering period is from mid April to the middle of June, which takes about 60 days. The flowering peak is from May 13 to 22, and the flowering time of day is mainly concentrated From 11: 20 ~ 13: 00, the peak of flowering day is around 11:30. The second flowering stage is from late August to late October, which lasts 45 days. The flowering peak is from September 8 to 18, and the flowering day lasted from 11 to 11 : 15 ~ 12: 50, the peak of flowering at about 11:30. The spikelet opening characteristics during the two flowering periods were basically the same. The stigma exsertion showed a single dew rate of 46.23%, a double dew rate of 49.14% and a total stigma exsertion rate of 95.37%. A single spike from open to close Ying generally take 1.5 ~ 2.5h, open angle of 29.9 ° ~ 32.4 °. The pollen fertility in the second and second quarters was 89.67% and 85.62%, respectively. The average seed-setting rates were 58.81% and 55.79% respectively. Common wild rice in Hainan generally bloom only 1 times a year, the flowering period from mid-October to mid-December, Gaozhou wild rice in Lingshui 1 year 2 flowering significantly different performance. [Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for studying the gene drifting frequency of transgenic rice to common wild rice and its relationship with the flowering habits of common wild rice.