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目的对比海南省2009年-2010年手足口病流行特征,掌握其变化趋势,为手足口病进一步防治工作提供科学依据。方法疫情资料来自中国疾病监测报告信息系统。采集手足口病病例标本进行检测,收集患者流行病学等资料。应用描述性流行病学方法对疫情监测及病原学监测资料进行分析。结果海南省2009年网络报告11845例病例,其中243例重症病例;2010年网络报告25142例手足口病病例,其中重症病例277例。2010年每月发病与2009年同期比较均明显增加,发病高峰提前,持续时间更长;2009年与2010年手足口病发病人群分布相似,两者男女性别比分别为1.96:1与1.91:1;两者5岁以下儿童所占比例分别为95.18%和96.02%,散居儿童所占比例分别为74.16%和78.95%;2010年重症病例中CA16阳性率(6.49%)比2009年(0.49%)有所增长,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.56,P<0.05)。结论海南省手足口病防控重点人群仍为5岁以下散居儿童。手足口病发病有流行范围广,持续时间延长的趋势,防控难度加大,需做好长期备战。由于重症病例中CA16阳性率逐渐增加,需引起警惕。
Objective To compare the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Hainan Province from 2009 to 2010 and to grasp its changing trend, so as to provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Epidemic data from China Disease Surveillance Reporting Information System. Samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were collected for testing and epidemiological data of patients were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze epidemiological surveillance and etiological surveillance data. Results In Hainan Province, there were 11,845 cases of network reports in 2009, of which 243 cases were severe cases. In 2010, the network reported 25,142 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease, of which 277 cases were severe cases. The monthly incidence in 2010 increased significantly compared with that of the same period of 2009, with the peak incidence earlier and longer. The distribution of HFMD in 2009 and 2010 were similar, with the male-female ratio of 1.96: 1 and 1.91: 1 respectively ; The proportion of children under 5 years of age was 95.18% and 96.02% respectively, and the proportion of scattered children was 74.16% and 78.95% respectively; the positive rate of CA16 in severe cases was 6.49% in 2010 compared with 0.49% in 2009 There was a significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 10.56, P <0.05). Conclusion The key population of prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hainan is still scattered children under 5 years of age. Hand, foot and mouth disease incidence of a wide range of epidemic, the extension of the trend, prevention and control more difficult to be prepared for long-term preparation. As severe cases of CA16 positive rate gradually increased, need to be alert.