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本文对加拿大和美国的健康保险及其实施系统进行了比较。加拿大有着全民的、综合的和政府资助的健康保险,而美国却没有。本文调查了两国在医院和开业医生服务方面的卫生保健总费用。两国在保健系统模式、健康保险资金来源、资源承诺和控制以及服务范围等方面均存在政策上的差别。本文还对加拿大模式中的两个要素——开业医生预算和医院综合预算进行考察,探讨其移植到美国的可能性。
This article compares health insurance and its implementation systems in Canada and the United States. Canada has universal, comprehensive, and government-funded health insurance, but the United States does not. This article investigates the total health care costs in hospitals and doctors’ services in the two countries. There are differences in policies between the two countries in the health care system model, sources of health insurance funds, resource commitments and controls, and service scope. This article also examines the two elements of the Canadian model—the doctor’s budget and the hospital’s overall budget—to explore the possibility of transplanting to the United States.