目的：调查新疆阿勒泰地区人（畜）莱姆病感染情况。方法：间接免疫荧光试验（ＩＦＡ）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）。结果：羊、牛、马和人血清莱姆病抗体阳性率分别为２２５％（１９９／８８３）、１７３％（６９／３９９）、２５０％（５／２０）和９０５％（１８／１９９）。血清学阳性的人和动物中，有的表现出莱姆病的临床症状与体征。动物血清阳性率明显高于人。结论：首次证实该地区存在莱姆病自然疫源地，并初步揭示人（畜）莱姆病的流行特点及相互关系 Objective: To investigate the status of human (livestock) Lyme disease in Altay, Xinjiang. Methods: Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The positive rate of serum Lyme disease in sheep, cattle, horses and human were 225% (199/883), 173% (69/399), 250% (5/20) and 91 05% (18/199). Serological positive in humans and animals, some showed Lyme disease clinical signs and symptoms. Serum positive rate of animals was significantly higher than that of humans. Conclusions: It is the first time to confirm the existence of natural Lyme disease in this area, and initially reveal the epidemiological characteristics and correlation of human (animal) Lyme disease