当前临床医学思维方式正发生深刻的变化 ,外科医生仅仅依靠经验、知识和技术就能胜任外科临床工作的岁月已一去不复返了。思维方式的进步已成为推动 2 1世纪外科学发展的关键因素和强大动力。“学习、实践、思考”[1 ] 是临床医生成长的必由之路 ,即应努力学习医学知识 ,积极参 The current thinking of clinical medicine is undergoing profound changes, and the years when surgeons are competent surgical surgeries solely on the basis of experience, knowledge and technology are gone. The progress of thinking has become a key factor and a powerful driving force for the development of surgical science in the 21st century. “Learning, practice, thinking” [1] is the only way for clinicians to grow, that is, efforts should be made to learn medical knowledge, active reference