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金属锆在氚工艺以及核技术领域被广泛应用,在氚工艺技术中因其贮氢平衡压低,贮氢容量大常被用作氢同位素气体的贮存介质,而在核技术领域作为核反应堆功能材料使用时会吸收氢或氘,但其与氢同位素气体反应的热力学及动力学特性存在差异,反应生成的锆氢化物、锆氘化物及其氚化物的晶体结构及其力学、电学、热学等物理性质也不同,相同原子比的锆氢化物的晶格常数较之锆氘化物的大,但锆氘化物的杨氏模量及剪切模量却比锆氢化物的大。本文就锆-氢体系同位素效应的研究进展进行了综述,主要关注了锆与氢同位素气体反应的热力学及动力学的同位素效应,以及生成的锆氢化物、锆氘化物及其氚化物的晶体结构及力学、电学、热学等物理性质方面体现的同位素效应。
Zirconium metal is widely used in the field of tritium technology and nuclear technology. Due to its low hydrogen storage balance in tritium technology, hydrogen storage capacity is often used as a storage medium for hydrogen isotope gases, and as a nuclear reactor functional material in the field of nuclear technology Hydrogen or deuterium is absorbed, but its thermodynamic and kinetic properties differ from that of the hydrogen isotope gas. The crystal structures of zirconium hydride, zirconium deuteride and tritide produced by the reaction and their mechanical, electrical and thermal physical properties Also, the lattice constant of zirconium hydrides with the same atomic ratio is larger than that of zirconium deuterates, but the Young’s modulus and the shear modulus of zirconium deuterates are larger than that of zirconium hydride. In this paper, the progress on the isotope effect of zirconium-hydrogen system is reviewed. The thermodynamic and kinetic isotope effects of zirconium and hydrogen isotope gas reactions, as well as the crystal structure of zirconium hydride, zirconium deuteride and tritide And mechanical, electrical, thermal and other physical properties of the reflected isotope effect.