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针对围绕着冯友兰新理学体系评价的分歧，本文首先讨论了评价一种学说的方法论问题，指出其基本的学理前提是分清文本真实和重阐可能两个层面。在这样的基础上，本文详细考察了新理学体系中最为重要的两个部分——本体论和人生观，尤其是详细分析了本体论中理、气概念的逻辑失误，并指出了这两个部分中存在的问题和取得的成就，最后从总体上对新理学的得失成败做出了分析。
In the light of the disagreements surrounding the evaluation of Feng Youlan’s neo-Confucianism system, this paper first discusses the methodology of evaluating a theory and points out that its basic theoretical premise is to distinguish between the two aspects of textual truth and possible re-interpretation. On this basis, this dissertation examines in detail the two most important parts of Neo-Confucianism - ontology and outlook on life. In particular, it analyzes in detail the logical mistakes of the notion of reason and qi in ontology and points out that these two Part of the problems and achievements made, and finally from the overall success or failure of Neo-Confucianism made an analysis.