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本文观察迟发性运动障碍(TD)100例,大多是需长期用抗精神病药治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者。引起TD的抗精神病药均为常规应用的药物,且大多在常用剂量范围内。TD出现前的锥外系副反应大多不特别严重,可能与合用抗震颤麻痹药有关。本文描述了TD的症状。经0.5～2年随访和适当处理后,半数以上患者症状消失或改善,提示早期发现和及时处理的重要性。文中讨论了TD的诊断和鉴别诊断,其发生与精神药物的关系,以及治疗和预防,并简单复习TD发病机制的假说。
This article observed 100 cases of delayed movement disorder (TD), mostly chronic schizophrenia patients need long-term treatment with antipsychotics. The antipsychotics that cause TD are commonly used drugs, mostly in the usual dosage range. TD most of the pre-pyramidal side effects are mostly not particularly serious, may be associated with anti-paralysis drugs. This article describes the symptoms of TD. After 0.5 to 2 years of follow-up and appropriate treatment, more than half of the patients disappeared or improved symptoms, suggesting the importance of early detection and timely treatment. The paper discusses the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TD, the occurrence of the relationship with psychotropic drugs, as well as the treatment and prevention, and a brief review of the hypothesis of TD pathogenesis.