胸腔积液是临床上一种常见、多发的疾病,目前,全世界已有近20亿人口受到结核分支杆菌的感染,结核患者约2 000万人,每年新发患者约800~1 000万人[1],且近年来发病率和病死率均有逐渐升高的趋势,仅凭临床表现较难与其 Pleural effusion is a clinically common and frequent disease. Currently, nearly 2 billion people in the world are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, about 20 million TB patients and about 800 to 10 million newly infected patients each year [1], and morbidity and mortality in recent years have gradually increased trend, the clinical manifestations alone more difficult with its