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人体肠道多种微生物菌群可以维持宿主的内环境稳态。肠道微生物在结直肠癌、炎症性肠病等消化系统疾病中起着不同的保护性作用或致病性作用。肠道微生物在结直肠癌中的作用机制仍不明确，了解肠道菌群参与结直肠癌发生的机制，有助于临床对结直肠癌的预防及治疗。而微生态制剂对人体能发挥保护作用，可用于预防及辅助治疗结直肠癌。肠道菌群对于人体健康关系重大，值得更多、更详尽的研究。“,”Human intestinal microflora can maintain host homeostasis .Intestinal microorganisms play protective or pathogenic role in colorectal cancer,inflammatory bowel disease and other digestive diseases. The mechanism of intestinal microorganisms promoting colorectal cancer is still unclear .To understand the mechanism of intestinal flora in colorectal cancer can help to guide the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer.Because of the protective effect,probiotics can be used for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer.Intestinal microbial flora is very important for human health and thus deserves more detailed research.