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表面效度:指研究工具所测试的内容从“表面”上看起来与其想要测量的内容相似。如一问卷要测量护理人员的洗手状况,问题的内容涉及洗手的次数与洗手时间的长短以及方法等。由于问卷的内容从“表面”上看起来都与洗手状况有关,所以该问卷的表面效度成立。但是表面效度并不能保证其内容效度符合要求。
Surface Validity: The content that the research tool tests looks similar to the “surface” it wants to measure. For example, a questionnaire should measure the hand washing status of the nursing staff. The content of the questionnaire relates to the frequency of hand washing and the length of time for hand washing, as well as the methods and so on. Since the contents of the questionnaire seem to be related to the handwashing condition from the “surface”, the surface validity of the questionnaire is valid. However, the validity of the surface does not guarantee that its content validity meets the requirements.