机会感染(opportunistic infection)的定义尚不统一。目前一般认为;抵抗力低下的宿主(com-promised host)受通常不致病的病菌或弱毒性病菌感染所致的疾病即称为机会感染病。这些病菌即称为机会病原菌(opportunistic pathogen)泌尿科领域的宿主,主要是那些恶性肿瘤、先天畸形等各种基础疾病并引起尿潴留患者及为了诊断和治疗而在尿道里使用了各种管状器械的高龄患者,以及需要使用各种抗生素、抗癌药的患者。对这些病例的复杂尿路感染就要考虑发生机会感染病的可能性。在机会病原菌中,首先是革兰氏阴性杆菌(GNR),其中包括绿脓杆菌、其他葡萄糖非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌(NF—GNR)、灵杆菌(Serratia marcescens)、肠 The definition of opportunistic infection is not uniform. It is now generally accepted that a com-promised host is a disease caused by an infection that is not usually pathogenic or less virulent and is referred to as an opportunistic infection. These pathogens are referred to as opportunistic pathogen urologists and are mainly those who suffer from various underlying diseases such as malignancies, congenital malformations and cause urinary retention and various tubular instruments used in the urethra for diagnosis and treatment Of elderly patients, as well as the need to use a variety of antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs in patients. Complex urinary tract infections in these cases need to consider the possibility of opportunistic infections. Among the opportunistic pathogens are first gram-negative bacilli (GNR), including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, other glucose non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli (NF-GNR), Serratia marcescens,