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关于遗传病的产前诊断以往是在妊娠16～22周,取孕妇羊水、羊水细胞或胎儿血,直接或经培养后进行生化分析和染色体核型分析。近些年来已发展到用早孕绒毛提取DNA,作基因病的诊断;用绒毛制备染色体,诊断染色体病;作绒毛中酶的分析来诊断代谢性疾病。总之,用绒毛作遗传病的产前诊断比用羊水、羊水细胞或胎儿血有较大的优越性,能使遗传病的产前诊断时间提前8～12周,诊断后要终止妊娠,可在门诊行吸宫术,既可节省人力物力,又能减少妊妇的出血量和痛苦,值得推广。其成功的关键是要取到绒毛10mg以上而又不致流产。这里就有关绒毛的吸取术,谈谈个人点滴体会。
Prenatal diagnosis of genetic disease in the past, 16-22 weeks of pregnancy, take pregnant women amniotic fluid, amniotic fluid cells or fetal blood, directly or after culture biochemical analysis and chromosome karyotype analysis. In recent years, it has been developed to extract DNA from early-pregnant villus for the diagnosis of genetic diseases; to prepare chromosomes with villi and to diagnose chromosomal diseases; and to analyze the enzymes in villi to diagnose metabolic diseases. In short, the use of villus genetic disease for prenatal diagnosis than with amniotic fluid, amniotic fluid cells or fetal blood greater superiority, genetic diseases can make prenatal diagnosis of time 8 to 12 weeks before the termination of pregnancy after diagnosis, available at Out-patient line aspiration, both to save manpower and resources, but also reduce the amount of bleeding and pain of pregnant women, it is worth promoting. The key to its success is to take more than 10mg villi without abortion. Here on the villus surgery, talk about personal bit by bit experience.