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从多元文化视角看,美国主流文化对美国各少数民族诗歌的态度经历了一个排斥、歧视、忽视、容纳、重视和支持的漫长历史过程,这充分体现在各个历史时期的美国主流文学史上。美国是世界上民族最多的国家,有多种多样的少数民族诗歌。20世纪60年代以来,尤其在当今多元文化的氛围里,各少数民族的诗歌得到了空前的发展,尽管它们各自在历史上遭到过白人种族主义的歧视和排斥。它们各有自己的民族特点和艺术形式,各以自己的方式,在各自的历史条件下发展。各少数民族的诗人有一个共同点:他们能流利地讲英语,纯熟地用英文创作诗歌。他们也同样遇到了英语是否能充分表达自己,如果不用英语而用各个民族自己的语言是否可能的问题,因此他们都处于悖论的两难境地。
From a multicultural perspective, the mainstream American culture’s attitudes toward the poetry of all ethnic minorities in the United States have undergone a long historical process of exclusion, discrimination, neglect, accommodation, emphasis and support, which is fully reflected in the history of mainstream American literature in various historical periods. The United States is the largest nation in the world with a wide variety of poetry on ethnic minorities. Since the 1960s, and especially in today’s multicultural atmosphere, poetry by ethnic minorities has been unprecedentedly developed, despite their own historical discrimination and exclusion by white racism. They each have their own national characteristics and artistic forms, each developing its own way under their own historical conditions. The poets of ethnic minorities have one thing in common: They can speak English fluently and poetically in English. They also encounter the same problem of whether English can fully express themselves and whether it is possible to use their own language without English. Therefore, they are in a dilemma of paradox.