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目的单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,Lm)属于革兰阳性无芽孢杆菌李斯特菌属,主要通过食物传播。Lm的致病性与毒力因子密切相关,研究其毒力因子对认识致病机理有着重要意义。方法对Lm重要的毒力因子(溶血素、磷脂酶、内化素、肌动蛋白、P60蛋白等)进行综述。结果溶血素是一个多功能的毒力因子,对于Lm逃离吞噬细胞囊是必需的。Lm能产生两种磷脂酶C:磷脂酰肌醇磷脂酶C和磷脂酰胆碱磷脂酶C,协助细菌的细胞内复制。肌动蛋白使得Lm在宿主细胞间能够扩散。内化素与Lm的侵袭力有关。P60蛋白是Lm的主要免疫原性抗原。结论Lm毒力因子研究的深入对李斯特菌病的防治将带来深远的影响。
Aim Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) belongs to the genus Gram-positive non-Bacillus Listeria and is transmitted mainly by food. The pathogenicity of Lm is closely related to virulence factors, and the study of its virulence factors is of great significance for understanding the pathogenesis. Methods The important virulence factors (hemolysin, phospholipase, endothelin, actin, P60 protein) of Lm were reviewed. Results Hemolysin is a multifunctional virulence factor that is necessary for Lm to escape phagocytic cysts. Lm can produce two phospholipase C: phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C and phosphatidylcholine phospholipase C, to assist bacterial intracellular replication. Actin allows Lm to diffuse between host cells. Endogenin and Lm invasiveness related. P60 protein is the major immunogenic antigen of Lm. Conclusion The further study of Lm virulence factors will have far-reaching impact on the prevention and treatment of Listeriosis.