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苏联解体后 ,新俄罗斯的当权者为了向世人展示其与过去彻底决裂的决心和勇气 ,欣然接受西方顾问的建议 ,实施“休克疗法”改革方案 ,以激进的方式快速向自由市场经济转轨。作为这一改革方案的组成部分 ,转轨之初的盖达尔政府在对外贸易领域实施自由化战略。他们深信 ,建立在比较优势原理基础上的自由贸易在经济全球化的国际背景下一定会给俄罗斯带来巨大财富 ,并很快使俄罗斯融入以发达国家为主体的国际经济体系。然而 ,1 0年来改革的实践和绩效表明 ,自由贸易发展战略并不适合俄罗斯的国情。那么 ,仍处在转轨中的俄罗斯到底应该选择什么样的对外贸易发展战略呢 ?如果说有适合俄罗斯国情的发展战略可供选择的话 ,作出这种选择的理论依据又是什么 ?这正是本文试图解决的问题。
After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, in order to show the world their determination and courage to make a thoroughgoing break with the past, the authorities of New Russia are pleased to accept the advice of Western advisors, implement the “shock therapy” reform program and rapidly and radically shift to a free market economy. As part of this reform program, the Heydar government at the dawn of transition implemented a liberalization strategy in the field of foreign trade. They are convinced that free trade based on the principle of comparative advantage will surely bring great wealth to Russia in the international context of economic globalization and will soon bring Russia into the international economic system with the developed countries as the main body. However, the practice and performance of reforms in the past 10 years show that the strategy of free trade development is not suitable for Russia’s national conditions. So what kind of foreign trade development strategy should Russia still be in transition? What is the rationale for making such a choice if there is a development strategy suitable for Russia’s national conditions? This is exactly what this article Trying to solve the problem.