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本文叙述水体在各个电磁波谱段的特性及其在相应图象上的反映.遥感图象是被摄地面形态的真实写照,在其上识别河、湖、海湾和水库等水体是容易的.文中根据长江、黄河、渭河等的河漫滩、江心洲和河床的微地貌、岸坡形态和水流结构,绘制河床地貌图,查明河床平面变形总趋势,量计滩地面积,研究河床空间变化,黄河河口改道前后的图象、密西西比河1973年春洪水过程中四个时间的图象作比较研究,可了解河床在时间上的演变规律. 此外,红外片、多光谱片还可研究水体含沙量的分布,寻找地下水和热污染源. 由各种遥感图象结合外业调查,建立河床演变一般图式,进行计算和预测,就能做到有根据地选择渡口码头、库址,布设水利工程.
This paper describes the characteristics of water body in each electromagnetic spectrum and its reflection on the corresponding image.Remote sensing image is a true portrayal of the ground topography and it is easy to identify water bodies such as rivers, lakes, bays and reservoirs. According to the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Weihe river floodplain, the river heart Island and the riverbed micromorphology, bank slope morphology and flow structure, draw river bed topography, to ascertain the river bed plane deformation total trend, the amount of beach area, study of riverbed spatial change, the Yellow River estuary diversion Before and after the image of the Mississippi River spring flood in 1973 during the four images for comparative study to understand the evolution of the river bed in time.In addition, infrared film, multi-spectral film can also study the distribution of sediment concentration, Looking for groundwater and thermal pollution sources.From the remote sensing images combined with field surveys to establish the general pattern of riverbed evolution, calculation and forecasting, we can choose the ferry terminal, reservoir site, laying water conservancy project base.