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目的了解足月小于胎龄儿住院发生医院感染的危险因素,为新生儿病房控制医院感染提供参考数据。方法选择2011年1月-2014年12月收治的352例足月小于胎龄儿进行研究,采集其标本进行病原菌检测,并分析医院感染的危险因素。结果 352例足月小于胎龄儿住院发生医院感染71例,感染率20.17%;感染新生儿的标本中分离出79株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主占64.56%,其次为革兰阳性菌占31.65%,真菌占3.79%;足月小于胎龄儿出现医院感染的单因素为出生时体质量<1 800g、羊水粪染、胎膜早破>12h、侵入性操作、住院时间>10d、哺乳时间>5d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生时体质量<1 800g、羊水粪染、侵入性操作和住院时间>10d是足月小于胎龄儿发生医院感染的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论多种危险因素可导致足月小于胎龄儿住院发生医院感染,应充分了解危险因素,采取相应措施控制新生儿病房医院感染。
Objective To understand the risk factors of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections in term infants younger than gestational age, and to provide reference data for neonatal ward control nosocomial infections. Methods A total of 352 full-term infants younger than gestational age from January 2011 to December 2014 were selected for the study. Pathogens were collected from the specimens and the risk factors of nosocomial infection were analyzed. Results A total of 352 hospitalized cases with term less than gestational age were hospitalized in 71 cases with infection rate of 20.17%. 79 pathogens were isolated from the infected neonates, accounting for 64.56% of the total, accounting for 64.56%, followed by Gram-positive bacteria Accounting for 31.65%, accounting for 3.79% of fungi. The single factor of nosocomial infection in term full-term infants less than gestational age was body weight at birth <1800g, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, premature rupture of membranes> 12h, invasive operation, Breastfeeding time> 5 days, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); birth weight <1800g, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, invasive operation and hospitalization> 10d is a risk factor for nosocomial infection in full-term infants less than gestational age, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion A variety of risk factors can lead to hospital-acquired nosocomial infections in term infants younger than gestational ages. Risk factors should be well understood and appropriate measures should be taken to control nosocomial infections in neonatal wards.