The present study was designed to optimize the processing of Fructus Arctii by response surface methodology(RSM).Based on single factor studies,a three-variable,three-level Box-Behnken design(BBD) was used to monitor the effects of independent variables,including processing temperature and time,on the dependent variables.Response surfaces and contour plots of the contents of total lignans,chlorogenic acid,arctiin,and arctigenin were obtained through ultraviolet and visible(UV-Vis) monitoring and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Fructus Arctii should be processed under heating in a pot at 311℃,medicine at 119 °C for 123 s with flipping frequently.The experimental values under the optimized processing technology were consistent with the predicted values.In conclusion,RSM is an effective method to optimize the processing of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).