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目的了解城乡中小学生视力不良状况的差异及其潜在原因。方法对城乡950名中小学生发放问卷,问卷调查与视力检查结果相结合进行字2检验以及Logistic回归分析。结果 5年级及以上城乡学生视力状况出现显著统计学差异,而这种差异可以由遗传因素、不良读书习惯、作业负担、电子产品使用频度及户外锻炼情况等方面的城乡差异所解释;在诸多影响因素中,其中诱发视力不良的主要危害因素依次为于昏暗处读书、卧床读书、作业负担以及电子用品的使用。结论预防视力不良的主要保护因素依次为户外锻炼、睡眠、少使用电子产品。
Objective To understand the differences and potential causes of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in urban and rural areas. Methods 950 primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas were distributed questionnaires, questionnaires and visual acuity test results combined with word 2 test and Logistic regression analysis. Results There was a statistically significant difference in visual acuity between urban and rural students in Grade 5 and above. This discrepancy can be explained by the differences between urban and rural areas in terms of genetic factors, poor reading habits, workload, frequency of electronic products and outdoor exercise. Among the influencing factors, the main risk factors of induced visual acuity were studying in darkness, bedridden study, working burden and the use of electronic products. Conclusion The main protective factors in preventing visual acuity are outdoor exercise, sleep and less use of electronic products.