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目的了解在中缅边境单纯发放清洁针具条件下,跨境缅甸籍静脉吸毒人员HIV阳转情况及暴露因素,为跨境静脉吸毒人群(IDUs)干预提供科学依据。方法以滚雪球方式对社区18岁以上、HIV阴性跨境缅甸籍静脉吸毒人群组117名的前瞻性闭合性队列,单纯发放清洁针具,半年后进行高危注射、性行为的调查及HIV检测。结果半年后脱失22名,完成研究的95名调查对象中9名转为HIV阳性,阳转人员共用针具风险RR=0.95、共用注射用水风险RR=1.57、上月商业性行为中使用安全套风险RR=2.16。结论在单纯发放针具条件下,半年内缅甸籍IDUs阳转率为9.47%,共用注射用水及付费性行为未使用安全套成为阳转的两个主要原因,建议加强缅甸籍IDUs安全注射用水的宣传,加入使用安全套的行为改变培训。
Objective To understand the HIV positive situation and exposure factors of intravenous drug abusers in cross-border Burmese families under the condition of simply sending clean needles in the Sino-Burmese border, and provide a scientific basis for intervening intravenous drug users (IDUs). Methods A total of 117 prospective closed cohorts of 117 HIV-infected cross-border Burmese drug users were enrolled in this study. Snow-clearing methods were used to clean the needles. After half a year, high-risk injection, sexual behavior investigation and HIV testing were conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-two of the 95 respondents who completed the study were HIV-positive in the survey, 95% of respondents completed the study. The risks of common needles for gynecological patients were RR = 0.95, RR for use of water for injection was RR = 1.57, and commercial use of condoms last month Risk RR = 2.16. Conclusions Under the condition of simply using needles, the positive conversion rate of IDUs in Burma was 9.47% within six months. The two main reasons that sharing water for injection and paying sex without using condoms became the two main reasons. It is suggested to strengthen the promotion of safe injectable water for IDUs in Myanmar , Joined the behavior change training using condoms.