目的：掌握近５年钩端螺旋体病（钩体病）流行趋势。方法：对淮北平原、江淮丘陵、皖南山区３个流行区的疫情资料进行统计分析。结果：皖南山区是主要流行区和高发地区，疫区稳定，发病的季节性非常明显，９～１０月是流行的高峰时段，与全省钩体病发病的季节性完全一致，该地区钩体病发病数可左右全省疫情；淮北平原和江淮丘陵地区钩体病流行的季节性不明显，全年都有病例发生。在１４９７例钩体病例中，男与女之比为１．８∶１，１０～４９岁年龄组占８７．７８％，农民占７９．７６％。人群发病构成的差异，主要是由于接触钩体病疫水的次数多少、时间长短和频率高低所致，并提出了针对性预防措施。结论：本省钩体病防制工作的重点为皖南山区。 Objective: To master the epidemic trend of leptospirosis (leptospirosis) in recent 5 years. Methods: The epidemic data of three endemic areas in Huaibei plain, Jianghuai hilly area and Wannan mountainous area were statistically analyzed. Results: The southern Anhui mountainous area is the main epidemic area and the high incidence area. The epidemic area is stable and the seasonality of onset is very obvious. The peak period from September to October is prevalent, which is in complete coincidence with the seasonal incidence of leptospirosis in the whole province. The incidence of the disease may affect the epidemic in the whole province; the seasonality of the prevalence of leptospirosis in the Huaibei Plain and Jianghuai Hilly Region is not obvious, and cases occur all year round. In 1497 cases of leptospirosis, the ratio of males to females was 1.8: 1, the age groups of 10-49 years old accounted for 87.78%, and peasants accounted for 79.76%. The difference in the composition of the population is mainly due to the number of contact with leptospirosis epidemic water, the length of time and the frequency of high and low, and put forward targeted preventive measures. Conclusion: The focus of prevention and control of leptospirosis in this province is mountain area in South Anhui.