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平抛运动是高中物理中的重要内容。平抛运动可分解为水平方向上的匀速直线运动和竖直方向上的自由落体运动。将抛体运动的参数方程 X=v·t H=1/2gt~2输入计算机,用微机模拟平抛运动和分运动。使用说明将BASIC程序(见图1、2)输入APPLE-Ⅱ微机。执行后,荧光屏上将出现“V=?m/s”字样,询问平抛运动的初速度值多大?这时可将初速度值输入,(若初速度值为零,只显示自由落体情况)。此时计算机将此平抛运动按水平与竖直两个方向分解,依次显示出每过1秒时分位移的坐标点。随后,将分运动合成,画出合位移的坐标点。最后描绘出物体运动轨迹(见图3) 为引起学生注意,每画出一个坐标点时,计算机都要发出“咯”的响声。屏的下部,依次显示出每隔1秒时的水平位移X和竖直位移H的值。为比较不同初速的平抛运动的轨迹,每画完一次后,计算机又继续询问新的初速度值。
Flat throwing is an important part of high school physics. The flat throwing motion can be decomposed into a uniform straight-line motion in the horizontal direction and a free-fall motion in the vertical direction. The parametric equation X = v · t H = 1/2 gt ~ 2 of the parabolic motion is input to the computer, and the plane-to-plane motion and the partial motion are simulated by a microcomputer. Use instructions to enter the BASIC program (see Figures 1 and 2) into the APPLE-II microcomputer. After the execution, “V=?m/s” will appear on the screen and ask how much the initial speed of the throwing motion will be. At this time, the initial speed value can be input (if the initial speed value is zero, only the free fall is displayed Happening). At this point, the computer decomposes this throwing motion in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and displays the coordinate points of the displacement every second. Subsequently, the sub-movements are synthesized and the coordinate points of the displacement are drawn. At the end, the trajectory of the object is depicted (see Figure 3). To draw the attention of the students, the computer must issue a “slight” sound when drawing a coordinate point. The lower part of the screen shows the horizontal displacement X and the vertical displacement H at every 1 second. In order to compare the trajectory of the flat-throw motion at different muzzle velocity, after each draw, the computer continues to ask for new initial velocity values.