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目的：介绍药物经济学中如何计算成本—效果分析方法。方法：利用《 Am J Health- syst pharm》上相关文章，对 H2受体拮抗剂的选择进行了分析。结果：决策分析法显示将 H2受体拮抗剂用于应激性溃疡的预防时，西咪替丁的平均费用低于法莫替丁；多属性效用理论则显示，当费用对决策制定的影响大于 60％、而两药有效率相等时，则西咪替丁优于法莫替丁，如果法莫替丁的价格明显下降时，法莫替丁可能优于西咪替丁。结论：决策分析与 MAUT分析理论是进行药物成本—效果分析中常用的分析方法。
OBJECTIVE: To introduce how to calculate cost-effectiveness in pharmacoeconomics. METHODS: The selection of H2-receptor antagonists was analyzed using the article “Am J Health-syst pharm”. Results: Decision analysis showed that the average cost of cimetidine was lower than that of famotidine when H2 receptor antagonists were used in the prevention of stress ulcer; the theory of multiple attribute utility showed that the effect of cost on decision-making Is greater than 60%, while the two drugs are equal, cimetidine is superior to famotidine, famotidine may be superior to cimetidine if the price of famotidine drops significantly. Conclusion: Decision Analysis and MAUT Analysis are common analytical methods used in drug cost-effectiveness analysis.