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苗族是中国西南地区人口较多的少数民族之一。20世纪50年代初,党和政府为了帮助苗族创制文字,在广泛调查的基础上分别选定了贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州凯里市挂丁镇养蒿寨为黔东方言苗语的标准音点;以贵州省毕节县先进乡大南山村为苗语川黔滇次方言区的标准音点;以湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州花垣县民乐乡为湘西方言苗语的标准音点,同时还对苗语滇东北次方言区由原英国传教士柏格理创制的老苗文进行了改造。但由于苗语内部的方言、次方言和土语差别大,这对苗文规范音教材的编译和教学工作带来诸多的困难和问题。为此,本文以苗语黔东方言苗文的使用现状为例对这一问题进行初步的探讨。
Miao is one of the more populated ethnic minorities in southwest China. In the early 1950s, in order to help the Miao create their own words, the party and the government, on the basis of extensive investigations, respectively selected the standard tones of the Qiandong dialect Miaozhai as the Dialect of Miao dialects in the town of Hangding, Kaili, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Point; to Nanshan Village, Advanced Township, Bijie County, Guizhou Province as the standard tone point Miao language Sichuan-Guizhou dialect area; to Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hunan Province Folk Music Village Miao Xiang Xiangxi dialect Miao standard tone point, Miao language in northeastern dialect of Yunnan by the former British missionary Berger created the old Miao was transformed. However, due to the large difference between dialect, dialect and dialect in Hmong language, it brings many difficulties and problems in the compilation and teaching of Miao language standard sound teaching material. To this end, this article Miao language in eastern Guizhou use of Miao language as an example of this issue for a preliminary discussion.