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有源微波冷噪声源是一种新型微波噪声源部件,其以场效应管作为核心噪声发生元件,能够在常温环境下输出极低的噪声温度,是为微波辐射计提供低温定标参考点的理想装置。在介绍国内外有源微波冷噪声源技术发展现状和特点的基础上,分析了有源微波冷噪声源的工作原理和关键技术。提出了一种有源微波冷噪声源设计方法,重点分析了设计过程中的关键环节对噪声源性能产生的影响。采用pHEMT型场效应管研制了L波段有源微波冷噪声源器件,并给出了有源微波冷噪声源作为微波辐射计噪声源的应用方案。
Active microwave cold noise source is a new type of microwave noise source components, the FET as a core noise generating components, can output very low noise temperature at room temperature, is to provide a low-temperature microwave radiometer calibration reference point Ideal device. Based on the introduction of the current status and characteristics of active microwave cold noise sources both at home and abroad, the working principle and key technologies of active microwave cold noise sources are analyzed. A design method of active microwave cold noise source is proposed, which mainly analyzes the impact of key links in the design process on noise source performance. The L-band active microwave cold noise source device is developed by using pHEMT type field effect transistor. The application of active microwave cold noise source as the noise source of microwave radiometer is given.