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中药在切片前,大多要用水润药。我们经过试验,选用两种快速引润法,介绍如下。1.空压快速引润法:此法适用于质地坚硬2的药材。具体方法为:取硬质块根药材500kg,置于容器中,加水至浸没药材,常温常压下自然浸泡,作为对照。另取500kg同一种硬质块根药材,置于3m~3多能提取罐中如附图所示。开启阀门1加水至浸没药材,启动空压机,开启阀门2,通入压缩空气至表压为1kg/cm~2,停开空压机,关闭进气阀门2,在常温下静止保压。到达规定时间后,打开阀门5排掉压缩空气,再打开阀门6排掉多余的浸泡水。最后启动电磁二位四通阀,打开底盖,将引润毕的药材放出。结果比较:常温常压下自然浸泡的1号块根药材,需经50hr引润,始能在转刀式切片机上切成饮片。而常温加压下浸泡的同一种药材,只需经1hr引润,即能在转刀式切片机上切成饮片。又取条根药材各250kg用上述常压和加压的方法加水浸泡。结果是:常压者需引润8hr而加压者仅0.5hr可切片。2.真空喷气快速引润:此法适用于质地较为疏松的药材,对质地坚硬的药材无效。具体方法为:将洗净后的药材置上述附图所示的多能提取罐中,打开阀门3,开启真空泵进行抽气,至真空表压为595mmHg(昆明地区海拔为1900m),持续15至30min。停开真空泵,关闭真空阀门3,开启蒸汽阀门4,使在真空状态下喷入蒸汽,温度控制在70℃
Before Chinese medicine is sliced, most of them need to be treated with water. We have tested and selected two rapid draming methods as described below. 1. Air pressure rapid drawing method: This method applies to the hard texture of the 2 herbs. The specific method is: Take 500 kg hard root medicine, placed in a container, add water to the immersion herbs, natural soaking at room temperature and pressure, as a control. Another 500kg of the same kind of hard root medicine was placed in a 3m~3 multi-energy extraction tank as shown in the drawing. Open the valve 1 and add water to the immersion medicinal material, start the air compressor, open the valve 2, open the compressed air to a gauge pressure of 1kg/cm 2 , stop the air compressor, close the intake valve 2, and maintain the pressure at room temperature. After reaching the prescribed time, the valve 5 is opened to discharge the compressed air, and then the valve 6 is opened to drain excess soaking water. Finally, the electromagnetic two-position four-way valve is activated, and the bottom cover is opened, and the medicinal materials that lead to run out are discharged. Comparison of the results: No.1 root tubers soaked naturally at normal temperature and pressure need to be moistened for 50 hours, and they can be cut into slices on a rotary knife slicer. The same medicinal material soaked at room temperature under pressure can be cut into pieces on a rotary knife slicing machine only after 1 hour of moistening. 250 kg of each of the root herbs were soaked in water by the above atmospheric pressure and pressure. The result is that the normal pressure need to be moistened for 8 hours and the pressure is only 0.5 hours for slicing. 2. Vacuum jetting quickly: This method is applicable to medicinal materials with loose texture, and it is not effective for hard texture materials. The specific method is as follows: the cleaned medicine is placed in the multi-energy extraction tank shown in the above drawing, the valve 3 is opened, and the vacuum pump is started to perform pumping, and the vacuum gauge pressure is 595 mmHg (in Kunming, the altitude is 1900 m), continuing for 15 to 30min. Stop the vacuum pump, close the vacuum valve 3, open the steam valve 4, so that the steam is injected under vacuum, the temperature is controlled at 70 °C