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按蚊体内,尤其是中肠内定殖着大量的微生物群落。肠道菌群通过与按蚊的长期协同进化形成了相互依存的共生关系。肠道共生菌参与调节按蚊的多种生命活动,对于维持按蚊的健康发挥着重要作用,已经成为一个与宿主按蚊密不可分的重要“器官”。研究表明,肠道共生菌在按蚊物质代谢、营养、发育、生殖、免疫调控和免疫防御等生理过程中发挥着重要的调节作用。蚊虫是疟疾、登革、寨卡等多种疾病的传播媒介,而肠道共生菌对寄生虫和病毒在蚊虫肠道内的发育和感染具有重要影响,因此研究蚊虫与共生菌的相互作用有着重要的理论和实践意义。本文将对按蚊肠道共生菌的多样性、生物学功能、与宿主相互作用的机制及其在防治疟疾上的应用进展进行综述,并对未来的研究提出展望。
Anopheles, especially in the midgut colonization of a large number of microbial communities. Intestinal flora formed an interdependent symbiotic relationship through long-term coevolution with Anopheles. Intestinal gut microbes, involved in the regulation of various life activities of Anopheles, play an important role in maintaining the health of Anopheles mosquitoes and have become an important “organ” inseparable from Anopheles. Studies have shown that intestinal commensal bacteria plays an important regulatory role in the physiological processes of Anopheles metabolism, nutrition, development, reproduction, immune regulation and immune defense. Mosquitoes are vectors for diseases such as malaria, dengue, and zika, and intestinal commensal bacteria have an important impact on the development and infection of parasites and viruses in the gut of mosquitoes. Therefore, it is important to study the interaction between mosquitoes and symbionts The theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, we will review the diversity, biological function, interaction mechanism with host and its application in malaria control of Anopheles stephensi, and put forward the prospect of future research.