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尖孢镰刀菌引起的枯萎病是芦蒿连作障碍主要病害.对芦蒿不同种植年限发病和未发病土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量、产毒素(镰刀菌酸)能力、致病力等开展研究.对采集的11份土壤样品分析结果显示:相较于不发病土壤,发病率≥40%的土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量显著增加;不发病和发病率≤25%的土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量没有显著差异(P>0.05).发病率为85%和40%的土壤尖孢镰刀菌高产毒素(镰刀菌酸产量>500μg L-1)的菌株比例显著(P<0.05)高于发病率为11%和不发病土壤.致病力测定显示发病率为85%和40%土壤中高致病力菌株比例显著(P<0.05)高于发病率为11%的土壤和不发病土壤,不致病菌株比例显著(P<0.05)低于发病率为11%的土壤和不发病土壤.土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量与连作年限没有显著相关性(P>0.05).发病土壤中,发病率、尖孢镰刀菌高产毒素菌株比例和高致病力菌株(病情指数>2)比例与连作年限显著(P<0.05)相关;未发病土壤中,尖孢镰刀菌高产毒素菌株比例和高致病力菌株比例与连作年限没有显著相关性(P>0.05).随着连作芦蒿发病率的增加,土壤中尖孢镰刀菌菌株数量、高产毒素菌株比例、致病菌株比例均显著增加(P<0.05),未发病连作土壤尖孢镰刀菌菌株数量、高产毒素菌株比例、致病菌株比例均没有显著变化.本研究结果可为连作芦蒿枯萎病发病机理的研究及其防治提供理论基础.
Fusarium oxysporum fusarium wilt is the main obstacle of Artemisia halodendron continuous cropping obstacle.Studies on the number of Fusarium oxysporum, toxins (Fusaric acid) producing capacity and pathogenicity in the diseased and non-infected soil of Artemisia selengensis. The results of 11 soil samples collected showed that the number of Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Increased significantly when the incidence rate was higher than 40%, and that of Fusarium solani less than or equal to 25% (P> 0.05) .The proportion of Fusarium oxysporum high yield toxins (Fusaric acid production> 500μg L-1) was significantly higher (P <0.05) with the incidence of 85% and 40% And non-onset soil.The pathogenicity test showed that the incidence of pathogenicity was 85% and the proportion of pathogenicity strains in 40% soil was significantly higher than that of non-pathogenic soil (P <0.05) (P <0.05) was lower than that of 11% soil and non-disease soil.The number of Fusarium oxysporum in soil had no significant correlation with the number of continuous cropping years (P> 0.05) .The incidence of soil Fusarium oxysporum The ratio of high-yielding toxin strains and high-virulent strains (disease index> 2) were significantly associated with the continuous working years P <0.05). In the uninfected soils, the proportion of Fusarium oxysporum high producing toxins and the proportion of high pathogenicity strains did not significantly correlate with the continuous working years (P> 0.05) .With the increase of the incidence of Artemisia selengensis, The number of Fusarium oxysporum, the proportion of high yield toxin strains and the proportion of pathogenic bacteria were significantly increased (P <0.05). There was no significant change in the number of Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Isolates, The results of this study may provide a theoretical basis for the study on the pathogenesis of A. fruticosa and its control.