土地是农民最基本的生产要素,也是农民最重要的财产,是农民祖祖辈辈赖以繁衍的物质基础。土地征用作为一种涉及农民土地重大权益的措施,是指国家为了公共目的而强制取得其他民事主体的土地并给以补偿的一种制度。由于现行的土地征用制度形成于计划经济时代,其赖以存在的制度环境已经转变,不适应性和滞后性日益凸显,在现实中暴露出制度绩效低下等一系列问题。 Land is the most basic factor of production for peasants and the most important property of peasants. It is the material basis for peasants to multiply upon their ancestors. As a measure concerning the significant rights and interests of peasants’ land, the expropriation of land refers to a system in which the state forces the acquisition of the land of other civil subjects for public purposes and compensates it. Due to the current system of land expropriation was formed in the era of planned economy, the institutional environment upon which it has existed has changed, and its adaptability and lag have become increasingly prominent. In reality, a series of problems such as poor system performance have been exposed.