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目的了解宁夏中卫市沙坡头区啮齿动物及其体外寄生虫的种群组成与数量分布,为预防鼠传疾病提供基础数据。方法采用鼠疫动物和昆虫监测方法,分类鉴定捕获的鼠和蚤并统计计数。结果共发现啮齿动物3目6科9属12种130只,其中子午沙鼠Meriones meridianus(占37.69%)、三趾跳鼠Dipus sagitta(占29.23%)和小毛足鼠Phodopus roborovskii(占12.31%)为优势种,长尾仓鼠Cricetulus longicaudatus(占6.92%)、长爪沙鼠Meriones unguiculatus(占5.38%)、阿拉善黄鼠Spermophilus dauricus alaschanicus(占2.31%)、草兔Lepus capensis(占1.54%)和大沙鼠Rhombomys opimus(占1.54%)为常见种;在沙坡头旅游区首次发现有大沙鼠R.opimus分布,为宁夏新记录,发现跳蚤3科6属7种,其中同形客蚤指名亚种Xenopsylla conformis conformis(占74.51%)为优势种,秃病蚤田鼠亚种Nosopsyllus laeviceps ellobii(占9.35%)、长突眼蚤Ophthalmopsylla kiritschenkoi(占8.50%)和细钩双蚤Amphipsylla tenuihama(占6.80%)为常见种,人蚤Pulex irritans(占0.28%)、长吻角头蚤Echidnophaga oschanini(占0.28%)和双蚤属未定种Amphipsylla sp.(占0.28%)为稀有种。结论中卫市沙坡头区啮齿动物及其体外寄生蚤种类丰富,沙坡头旅游区广泛分布有长爪沙鼠Meriones unguiculatus及同形客蚤指名亚种Xenopsylla conformis conformis,其数量较多;该地区基本具备动物鼠疫流行的条件,需高度重视、适时监测。
Objective To understand the population composition and population distribution of rodents and their ectoparasites in Shapotou, Zhongwei, Ningxia, and to provide basic data for the prevention of rodent diseases. Methods Using the method of plague animal and insect monitoring, the captured mice and fleas were identified and counted. Results A total of 130 rodents were found in 3 species, 6 families, 9 genera, 12 species and 130 rodents, including Meriones meridianus (37.69%), Dipus sagitta (29.23%) and Phodopus roborovskii (12.31%), The dominant species were Cricetulus longicaudatus (6.92%), Meriones unguiculatus (5.38%), Spermophilus dauricus alaschanicus (2.31%), Lepus capensis (1.54%) and Rhombomys opimus (1.54%) is a common species; the first distribution of R. opimus was found in Shapotou tourist area, which is a new record in Ningxia. There were 7 species of 6 genera, 3 families of fleas, Subspecies Xenopsylla conformis conformis (accounting for 74.51%), Nosopsyllus laeviceps ellobii (accounting for 9.35%), Ophthalmopsylla kiritschenkoi (8.50%) and Amphipsylla tenuihama (accounting for 6.80% %) Were common species, Pulex irritans (0.28%), Echidnophaga oschanini (0.28%) and Amphipsylla sp. (0.28%) were rare species. Conclusion The rodents and parasitic fleas in Shapotou area of Zhongwei are rich in species. There are many species of Meriones unguiculatus and Xenopsylla conformis conformis in Shapotou tourism area, With animal plague epidemic conditions, need to attach great importance to timely monitoring.