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我们在西安地区对1384人进行了HBV感染情况的血清流行病学基线研究。结果表明托儿所儿童的抗-HBs阳性率和HBV总感染率(至少在可检测的HBV指标方面)显著低于学龄儿童和成人。8岁以上儿童上述两个率与成人水平很接近。据此我们提出以下原则供在我国进行乙肝疫苗接种决策时参考:(1)在婴幼儿中应尽早普种乙肝疫苗;(2)对3岁以下儿童可考虑推广不做筛选即进行接种的方案。至于3岁以上儿童的按种方案以及学龄儿童是否有必要进行接种的问题,应该进一步加以研究。本研究还为仅用一项或二项HBV感染的血清学指标来做接种前大规模人群筛查的可能性提供了依据。
We conducted a serological epidemiological baseline study of HBV infection in 1384 people in Xi’an. The results showed that the anti-HBs positive rate and the total HBV infection rate in nursery children (at least in terms of detectable HBV markers) were significantly lower than those of school-age children and adults. The above two rates for children over 8 years old are very close to those of adults. Accordingly, we propose the following principles for reference when making hepatitis B vaccination decisions in our country: (1) popularize hepatitis B vaccine as soon as possible in infants and young children; (2) plan to promote vaccination without screening by children under 3 years of age . As for the vaccination of children over the age of 3 according to plan and whether school-age children are necessary, further study should be conducted. This study also provides a basis for the possibility of using one or two serological markers of HBV infection for screening large pre-vaccination populations.