中国是一个拥有九亿多农村人口的农业大国,农村人口生活的稳定程度,关系到我国社会主义新农村的建设进程以及我国社会发展的协调稳定。一段时间以来,“因病致贫,因病返贫”一直影响着农村人民的生活。新型农村合作医疗制度自2003年开始试点到现在,有效缓解了农民因病致贫和因病返贫的问题,减轻了农民因大病产生的经济负担,对于新农村建设以及构建和谐社会具有重要意义。但随着新型农村合作医疗制度的全面推进,也暴露出了一些问题亟待解决。 China is a large agricultural country with more than 900 million rural population. The stability of the rural population’s life is related to the process of building a new socialist countryside in our country and to the coordinated and stable development of our society. For some time now, “poverty caused by illness and poverty due to illness” has always affected the lives of rural people. The new rural cooperative medical system has been piloted since 2003, effectively alleviating the problem of peasants becoming sick and returning to poverty, and reducing the peasants’ financial burden caused by serious illness, which is of great significance to the construction of a new socialist countryside and building a harmonious society. However, with the all-round promotion of the new rural cooperative medical system, some problems have also been exposed and need to be solved urgently.