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目的探讨精神分裂症患儿事件相关电位关联性负变(CNV)的特征。方法随机选择6~12岁符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版精神分裂症诊断标准的32例患儿作为观察组,健康儿童30例作为健康对照组。观察组应用奥氮平治疗8周,采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)评价疾病严重程度。2组分别采用CNV检测,比较CNV反应时间、潜伏期及波幅差异。结果观察组反应时间较健康对照组明显延长(P<0.05)。观察组较健康对照组CNV起点A潜伏期延迟(P<0.05),A点到s2负变化(CNV)的平均波幅低于健康对照组(P<0.01);指令信号后负变化(PINV)平均波幅低于健康对照组(P<0.01)。预备信号后出现P2波幅较健康对照组明显增高(P<0.01),潜伏期比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗8周观察组CNV潜伏期、平均波幅及PINV平均波幅与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论精神分裂症患儿存在认知功能损害,可能与大脑感知容量减低,认知资源减少或分配能力减低有关。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of event-related negative association (CNV) in children with schizophrenia. Methods Thirty-two children aged 6-12 years, who were diagnosed as schizophrenia with version 3 of the Chinese Mental Disorders Classification and Diagnostic Criteria, were selected randomly as the observation group and 30 healthy children as the healthy control group. The observation group was treated with olanzapine for 8 weeks, and the severity of the disease was evaluated using the Simplified Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The CNV test was used in two groups to compare CNV response time, latency and amplitude differences. Results The response time of observation group was significantly longer than that of healthy control group (P <0.05). The latency of CNV start point A in observation group was delayed (P <0.05), and the mean amplitude of CNV change from point A to S2 was lower than that in healthy control group (P <0.01). The average amplitude of negative change in command signal (PINV) Lower than the healthy control group (P <0.01). The amplitude of P2 after preparation was significantly higher than that of healthy control (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in latency (P> 0.05). The CNV latency, mean amplitude and average amplitude of PINV in the observation group after 8 weeks of treatment were not significantly different from those before treatment (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is cognitive impairment in children with schizophrenia, which may be related to decreased brain cognitive capacity, decreased cognitive resources or diminished distribution ability.