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土壤氮磷流失是污染生态环境和困扰农业生产发展的一个重要问题。针对湖北省漳河灌区的土壤特征和土地利用方式,应用RUSLE模型计算了灌区1952—2010年共4个阶段的土壤侵蚀量及氮磷流失量,结果表明:灌区开灌后土壤侵蚀量由第一阶段的1026375t/a增加到第四阶段的1978054t/a;氮、磷流失模数由9.53kg/(hm2.a)和11.91kg/(hm2.a)分别增加至13.03kg/(hm2.a)和16.29kg/(hm2.a),总体均呈现逐渐增加的趋势。这说明灌区土地利用变化等对土壤流失和氮磷流失具有一定的影响,加强灌区土地利用管理和施肥管理,对于减轻土壤侵蚀和减少农业非点源污染有着重要的意义。
The loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil is an important issue that pollutes the ecological environment and plagues the development of agricultural production. According to the soil characteristics and land use patterns of Zhanghe Irrigation District in Hubei Province, RUSLE model was used to calculate the total amount of soil erosion and the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus loss during the four periods of irrigation from 1952 to 2010. The results showed that the soil erosion after irrigation was increased from The first-stage 1026375t / a increased to 1978054t / a in the fourth stage; the nitrogen and phosphorus loss modulus increased from 9.53kg / (hm2.a) and 11.91kg / (hm2.a) to 13.03kg / (hm2.a ) And 16.29kg / (hm2.a), showing an increasing trend overall. This shows that land use change in irrigated area has some impacts on soil loss and nitrogen and phosphorus loss. Strengthening land use management and fertilization management in irrigation areas is of great significance for reducing soil erosion and reducing agricultural non-point source pollution.