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小学运算类知识属于程序性知识。学习这类知识,一方面要掌握相应的运算法则,另一方面要理解运算的意义和算理。大部分学生都知道怎样算,但是,较少知道这样算背后的道理。基于学生的理解水平和程序性知识的特点,构建有效的教学方法,通过聚焦教材编排,明确“症结”所在;借助直观图像,实现表征转化;调整教材体系,达成形式理解等步骤和策略,帮助学生实现从程序理解走向形式理解。
Primary computing class knowledge is procedural knowledge. Learning such knowledge, on the one hand to master the corresponding algorithms, on the other hand to understand the meaning of computing and arithmetic. Most students know how to do it, but they rarely know the reason behind this. Based on the students’ level of understanding and the procedural knowledge, we should construct effective teaching methods, and focus on the “crux of the problem” by focusing on the arrangement of teaching materials. With the help of visual images, we can realize the transformation of representation, adjust the textbook system, and achieve the formal understanding and other steps and strategies , Help students to achieve understanding from the program understanding.