目的　探讨穹窿海马伞切割侧海马提取液对神经干细胞分化为神经元和AChE阳性神经元的影响。　方法　切割SD大鼠右侧穹窿海马伞 ,14d后取两侧海马制成提取液 ;将神经干细胞接种于 3块 2 4孔培养板中 ,每板分成切割组、正常组和对照组各 8孔 ,前 2组分别加入切割侧和正常侧海马提取液。第 1、2块分别于第 7d和14d时行MAP 2免疫荧光检测 ;第 3块于 10d时行AChE组织化学染色。计数MAP 2和AChE阳性神经元数 ,观察胞体大小和突起长度。　结果　切割组第 7d时MAP 2阳性神经元较多 ,胞体大、突起长 ,14d时细胞进一步迁移、成熟 ;正常组第 7d时仅见少量突起短的MAP 2阳性神经元 ,14d时细胞稍增多 ,突起稍增长 :对照组第 7d时未见MAP 2阳性神经元 ,14d时仅有少量胞体小、突起短的MAP 2阳性神经元。第 10d切割组AChE阳性神经元较多 ,突起多而长 ,正常组仅见少量无突起的AChE阳性神经元 ,对照组未见AChE阳性神经元。　结论　穹窿海马伞切割侧海马提取液可明显促进神经干细胞分化为神经元和AChE阳性神经元。 Objective To investigate the effects of hippocampus extracts from fimbria fornix on the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and AChE positive neurons. Methods The right fimbria of the hippocampus of SD rats were cut and the hippocampus was obtained after 14 days. The neural stem cells were seeded into three 24-well plates, and each plate was divided into 8 groups, ie, the cut group, the normal group and the control group , The first two groups were added to the cutting side and normal hippocampus extract. The first and second blocks were detected by immunofluorescence on the 2nd day and the 14th day respectively. The third block was stained by AChE staining on the 10th day. The number of MAP2 and AChE positive neurons was counted, and the size of the soma and the length of the protrusion were observed. RESULTS: On the 7th day, MAP 2 positive neurons in the cleaved group were larger, with large cell body and longer protuberances, and the cells migrated further and matured on the 14th day. In the normal group, only a few MAP 2 positive neurons with short protuberances were found on the 7th day, Protrusion slightly increased: MAP 2-positive neurons were not found on the 7th day in the control group, but only a small number of MAP 2-positive neurons were observed on the 14th day. AChE-positive neurons were more on the 10th day in the cutting group than those on the AChE-positive neurons in the control group. Conclusion FNF can significantly promote the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and AChE-positive neurons.