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目的 :探讨中国肝癌低发区肝癌的危险因素 ,为肝癌的预防提供科学依据。方法 :采用病例对照研究设计 ,以5 0例肝癌患者和 73例健康对照作为研究对象 ,询问其暴露史 ,然后应用 SAS软件进行单因素和多因素非条件 logistic回归分析。结果 :单因素非条件 logistic回归分析表明 ,乙肝病史、亲属肿瘤史、疟疾、水果、吸烟是肝癌的危险因素 ,其比值比分别为 99.4 3、 7.4 6、 3.80、 2 .90和 2 .35 ;月经异常是女性肝癌的危险因素 ,其比值比为 4 .2 5 ;蔬菜和自来水是肝癌的保护因素 ,其比值比分别为 0 .4 2和 0 .14。多因素非条件 logistic回归分析表明 ,乙肝病史、亲属肿瘤史、疟疾、精神创伤、吸烟和油炸食品是肝癌的危险因素 ,其比值比分别为 89.2 3、 35 .5 2、 17.19、 3.88、 4 .39和 4 .2 7;2 0年前生活水平是肝癌的保护因素 ,其比值比为 0 .2 3。讨论内容 :肝癌是多因素所致的恶性肿瘤 ;水果成为肝癌的危险因素 ,可能是患乙肝后所致的偏倚 ;首次报告油炸食品和月经异常与肝癌的关联
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China with low incidence of HCC and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of HCC. Methods: A case-control study was designed. Fifty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 73 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Their exposure history was investigated. SAS software was then used to perform univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results: Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of hepatitis B, the history of relatives’ tumors, malaria, fruit and smoking were the risk factors for liver cancer with the ratios of 99.4 3, 7.46, 3.80, 2.90 and 2.35 respectively; Menstrual dysfunction is a risk factor for liver cancer in women, with a ratio of 4.25; vegetables and tap water are the protective factors for liver cancer, with odds ratios of 0.42 and 0.14, respectively. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the history of hepatitis B, the history of relatives’ tumors, malaria, trauma, smoking and fried foods were the risk factors for HCC, with the ratios of 89.23, 35.52, 17.19, 3.88, 4 .39 and 4 .2 7; 20 years ago, the standard of living is a protective factor of liver cancer, the ratio was 0.23. Discussion content: Liver cancer is a multifactorial malignancy; fruit as a risk factor for liver cancer may be caused by the bias of hepatitis B; the first report of fried foods and menstrual abnormalities associated with liver cancer