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「です」一词看似简单,但实际使用却十分复杂,教学中也容易被忽视。文章通过对教材及语法类书籍中「です」用法分类情况的考察,并结合日本学者关于「です」词类划分的早期研究,对“判断助动词”和“敬体助动词”这一定位提出质疑。同时,结合日语学习者的各种误用现象,对「です」用法及其使用中应注意的问题进行了再整理、辨析,并进一步对误用的产生进行深入探究,从而提出建议。
The term “で す” seems simple, but the actual use is very complicated, teaching is also easily overlooked. By examining the usage classification of “desu” in textbooks and grammar books and combining with the earlier studies by Japanese scholars on the classification of parts of “desu”, this paper analyzes the definition of “Descriptive Auxiliaries ” and “Esoteric Auxiliaries ” Ask questions. At the same time, combining the misunderstandings of Japanese learners, this paper reorganizes and discerns the usage of “desu” and the problems that should be noticed in its use, and makes further inquiries into the causes of misuse.