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利用“团簇加连接原子”结构模型研究了马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢的成分特征,结果表明,此类钢的基础三元Fe-Ni-Cr高温奥氏体下限成分对应团簇成分式[NiFe_(12)]Cr_3,其中NiFe_(12)为fcc结构,Ni为中心原子,其与12个Fe原子配位构成立方八面体团簇,Cr为连接原子.以[NiFe_(12)]Cr_3为基础成分式,根据团簇式自洽放大和相似组元替代原则,添加C,Mo,Nb和Cu形成多元新合金,采用铜模吸铸快冷技术制备合金,并在1323 K保温2 h进行固溶处理后水淬,然后再在753 K保温4 h进行时效处理.结果表明,固溶和时效后的系列合金的组织和性能随合金化组元的种类及含量发生变化,其中{[(Ni_(13)Cu_3)Fe_(192)](Cr_(45)Mo_(2.5)Nb_(0.5))}C_1合金在时效处理后具有较高的硬度和拉伸强度,其硬度为397 HV,屈服强度为971 MPa,抗拉强度为1093 MPa,该成分合金在3.5%NaCl(质量分数)中性溶液中具有优良的耐蚀性能.
The compositional characteristics of martensitic precipitation-hardened stainless steel were studied by using the cluster-connected atom structure model. The results show that the lower limit composition of the base ternary Fe-Ni-Cr high temperature austenite of this type of steel corresponds to the composition of the cluster [NiFe_ (12)] Cr_3, in which NiFe_ (12) is fcc structure and Ni is the central atom, which coordinates with 12 Fe atoms to form cubic octahedron clusters and Cr is the connecting atom [NiFe_ (12)] Cr_3 Based on the principle of self-consistent amplification of clusters and the principle of substitution of similar elements, a new multi-element alloy was formed by adding C, Mo, Nb and Cu. The alloy was prepared by copper die casting and rapid cooling technique and incubated at 1323 K for 2 h After quenching with solution treatment, the microstructure and properties of the alloys were changed with the type and content of the alloying elements, and the results showed that { (Ni_ (13) Cu_3) Fe_ (192)] (Cr_ (45) Mo_ (2.5) Nb_ (0.5))} C_1 alloy had higher hardness and tensile strength after aging treatment and had a hardness of 397 HV. The strength is 971 MPa and the tensile strength is 1093 MPa. The alloy has excellent corrosion resistance in neutral solution of 3.5% NaCl (mass fraction).