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利用DH技术对先玉335进行连续轮回选择,发现单倍体雄穗自然加倍能力具有极显著的累加遗传效应,这种遗传效应可以获得成倍提高。证明玉米自身遗传系统具有单倍体雄穗自然加倍遗传恢复(修复)能力。用两轮选择所获的DH2系再次杂交组群,再经杂交诱导获得单倍体植株平均雄花散粉率高达85.15%,自交结实率高达66.18%,是基础群体先玉335直接诱导单倍体株的6.99倍和9.86倍。获得的DH3系因经两轮全基因组配子体选择,最大限度地淘汰了有害、劣性基因,聚合了较多优良基因,农艺性状好,植株长势强,可直接应用于资源扩增和品种选育。单倍体雄穗自然加倍性的轮选遗传修复能力的发现与高自然加倍率材料的创制具有极其重要的应用价值,可与玉米双轮回选择育种模式相结合,构建基于自然加倍为主体的单倍体双轮回育种技术体系。
Using DH technology to select the first cycle of Xiangyu 335, we found that the natural doubling ability of haploid spikes has a very significant additive genetic effect, and this genetic effect can be doubled. Proved that maize own genetic system with haploid tassel natural doubling genetic recovery (repair) ability. The DH2 lines crossed with two rounds of selection again crossed the group, and then the haploid plants obtained by hybridization average male flower loose powder rate as high as 85.15%, selfing seed set rate as high as 66.18%, is the basic group Xian Yu 335 direct induction of haploid 6.99-fold and 9.86-fold of strains. The results showed that the obtained DH3 lines had the most complete elimination of harmful and poor genes due to the selection of two rounds of whole genome gametophytes, aggregated more good genes, had good agronomic characters and strong plant growth, and could be applied directly to resource expansion and variety breeding. The discoveries of natural selection ability of haploid spikes of natural doubling round selection and the creation of high natural multiplying rate materials are of extremely important application value. It can be combined with maize double cycle selection breeding mode to construct single Ploidy double cycle back breeding technology system.